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Global  Enforcement Tracker

Global Enforcement Tracker

Recent global enforcement cases, court rulings, and new rules affecting greenwashing, ESG, and environmental claims.

Latest case added: 18 Oct 2026

Status: SUCCESS

Sources 3; links 40; known 0; filtered 40; AI 0; inserted 0; errors 0

Last updated: Mon, 19 Oct 2026 11:10:08 GMT

Global Greenwashing Enforcement Tracker — Live Database

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The EcoAppraise Global Greenwashing Enforcement Tracker is a continuously updated database of greenwashing fines, ESG enforcement actions, regulatory penalties, and environmental litigation cases worldwide.

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The entries shown below represent the 10 most recent findings identified by the system, providing a real-time view of global regulatory action against misleading environmental and ESG claims.

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The tracker monitors major jurisdictions—including the US (Federal & State), the EU (Union & Member State), the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, and India—with new cases added daily.

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Each entry provides structured details including the company involved, regulator, type of claim, and official source of enforcement.

The full enforcement database continues below and can be searched and filtered by company, regulator, or jurisdiction.

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This is not a report or summary — it is a live, continuously updated dataset of real enforcement activity used to track global trends in greenwashing regulation, ESG compliance, and environmental claim enforcement.        Green Claims Checker

Latest Results

2026-10-16 | Authority for Consumers and Markets: Dutch ACM offers guidance on sustainability collaborations and public int | NL | GUIDANCE | Europe | www.acm.nl

2026-10-02 | Giustizia Amministrativa: Italian Consiglio di Stato rules on landscape incompatibility opinions for solar pan | IT | COURT_RULING | Italy | www.giustizia-amministrativa.it

2026-09-30 | European Insurance and Occupational Pensions…: EIOPA identifies extreme heat as key climate risk for insurers | EU | GUIDANCE | European Union | www.eiopa.europa.eu

2026-10-12 | European Banking Authority releases final technical package for ESG Pillar 3 disclosures | EU | GUIDANCE | European Union | www.eba.europa.eu

2026-09-27 | Danish Consumer Ombudsman Issues New Recommendations on Environmental Marketing From 27 September 2026 | Denmark | GUIDANCE | Denmark | forbrugerombudsmanden.dk

2026-09-04 | 60 Day Notice 2026-04281 | California | LITIGATION | California | oag.ca.gov

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Authority for Consumers and Markets: Dutch ACM offers guidance on sustainability collaborations and public int

The Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM) encourages businesses to consult with the regulator before launching initiatives that benefit public interests such as sustainability and digital autonomy. ACM provides binding informal opinions to clarify whether collaborations, including those for sustainability projects like offshore wind parks, comply with competition rules. These opinions are published to guide other businesses and promote transparency.

Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets

Financial Value

Authority for Consumers and Markets

Penalty Type

2026-10-16 | NL | GUIDANCE | Europe | www.acm.nl

This guidance helps businesses navigate complex regulatory frameworks and reduces legal uncertainty, enabling more sustainability initiatives to proceed. ACM's approach supports compliance by offering timely clarity and coordinating with other regulators to avoid conflicting rulings.

European Banking Authority releases final technical package for ESG Pillar 3 disclosures

On 12 October 2026, the European Banking Authority (EBA) released the final technical package for version 4.4 of its reporting and disclosure framework. This update includes enhanced Pillar 3 ESG disclosure requirements and IFRS 18 aligned reporting templates, aiming to reduce reporting costs and improve compliance for financial institutions. The package also addresses technical amendments and corrections related to supervisory reporting.

European Banking Authority

Financial Value

European Banking Authority

Penalty Type

2026-10-12 | EU | GUIDANCE | European Union | www.eba.europa.eu

The release provides mandatory technical standards for ESG-related disclosures under Pillar 3, ensuring consistent and transparent sustainability reporting by banks across the EU. Compliance with these updated requirements is essential for institutions to meet regulatory expectations on ESG risk transparency and reporting accuracy.

Giustizia Amministrativa: Italian Consiglio di Stato rules on landscape incompatibility opinions for solar pan

The Italian Consiglio di Stato ruled that landscape incompatibility opinions rejecting photovoltaic solar panel installations cannot be based solely on aesthetic reasons. The decision emphasized that visibility alone does not justify incompatibility, as renewable energy production is a national interest and such installations represent an accepted architectural evolution. The ruling invalidated a negative opinion from the Soprintendenza special archeology, fine arts, and landscape of Rome that lacked specific assessment of the installation's impact on the historic building and context.

Company

Financial Value

Giustizia Amministrativa

Penalty Type

2026-10-02 | IT | COURT_RULING | Italy | www.giustizia-amministrativa.it

This ruling clarifies compliance requirements for environmental and landscape authorities when assessing solar energy projects, ensuring that aesthetic objections alone are insufficient to block renewable energy installations. It supports the national policy favoring renewable energy and guides regulators to provide detailed, impact-based reasoning in their decisions.

European Insurance and Occupational Pensions…: EIOPA identifies extreme heat as key climate risk for insurers

The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) published a report on 2026-09-30 highlighting extreme heat as the leading climate-related liability risk for life and health insurers and pension providers. The report outlines how increasing heatwaves and related health impacts could affect mortality, morbidity, and longevity assumptions critical to insurance and pension business models. EIOPA developed a risk-scoring framework to estimate these impacts and encourages insurers to integrate these emerging risks into their climate risk assessments.

European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority

Financial Value

European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority

Penalty Type

2026-09-30 | EU | GUIDANCE | European Union | www.eiopa.europa.eu

This report signals the need for insurers and pension providers to enhance their climate risk management practices by incorporating extreme heat-related health risks, which are expected to grow in materiality. Compliance with evolving regulatory expectations on climate risk disclosure and assessment will be essential for these sectors.

Danish Consumer Ombudsman Issues New Recommendations on Environmental Marketing From 27 September 2026

Denmark's Consumer Ombudsman published revised recommendations on how businesses may market climate, environmental and sustainability benefits under the Danish Marketing Practices Act. They replace the 2024 version and take effect on 27 September 2026, when the EU Green Transition Directive rules apply.

Danish Consumer Ombudsman

Financial Value

Forbrugerombudsmanden (Danish Consumer Ombudsman)

Penalty Type

2026-09-27 | Denmark | GUIDANCE | Denmark | forbrugerombudsmanden.dk

Sets out how Denmark's enforcer will read the new EU green-claims rules, so businesses selling in Denmark should check claims against these recommendations.

60 Day Notice 2026-04281

Environmental Health Advocates, Inc. issued a 60-day notice of violation to Preferred Brands International, Inc. and Amazon.com Services LLC, alleging the presence of lead in Tasty Bite Kashmir Spinach, amending a previous notice and naming a new responsible individual.

Preferred Brands International, Inc.; Amazon.com Services LLC

Financial Value

California Department of Justice

Penalty Type

2026-09-04 | California | LITIGATION | California | oag.ca.gov

This notice is part of California's Proposition 65 enforcement, requiring businesses to provide warnings about significant exposures to chemicals that cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.

European Insurance and Occupational Pensions…: EIOPA consults on improving insurance disclosures under EU Taxo

The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) launched a consultation on proposed enhancements to insurance corporate disclosures under the EU Taxonomy framework for environmentally sustainable activities. The proposals aim to increase transparency, simplify reporting, and better align insurers' Taxonomy-related disclosures with other sustainable finance frameworks. Key changes include revising underwriting KPIs, introducing a Green Insured Activities KPI, and simplifying reporting templates.

European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority

Financial Value

European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority

Penalty Type

2026-07-01 | EU | GUIDANCE | European Union | www.eiopa.europa.eu

These proposed changes are significant for compliance as they seek to improve the accuracy and clarity of insurers' environmental sustainability disclosures, ensuring better alignment with EU sustainable finance regulations. Insurers will need to adapt their reporting processes to meet the updated requirements once finalized.

Commission publishes Q&A guidance on Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive

The European Commission published updated Questions & Answers guidance on the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive, clarifying the scope, requirements for environmental claims, and the use of sustainability labels and certification schemes.

European Commission

Financial Value

European Commission

Penalty Type

2026-06-30 | European Union | GUIDANCE | EU | ec.europa.eu

The guidance provides practical compliance information for businesses and national authorities, helping to interpret and implement the new anti-greenwashing rules effectively.

EPA Obtains Over $450 Million In Penalties and Relief in Agreement with Chemours to Settle Claims Over PFAS Pollution in Three States

The EPA, DOJ, and West Virginia DEP reached a landmark settlement with Chemours over PFAS pollution in North Carolina, New Jersey, and West Virginia. Chemours will pay $22.5 million in civil penalties and spend over $337 million on injunctive relief, including alternative drinking water and pollution controls. The settlement resolves alleged violations of the Clean Water Act, RCRA, TSCA, and state water laws.

Chemours

USD 450,000,000

Environmental Protection Agency

settlement

2026-06-24 | United States | SETTLEMENT | United States | epa.gov

This is the first comprehensive federal settlement with a major PFAS manufacturer, addressing greenwashing and environmental compliance, and requiring significant investments in pollution control and community relief.

AGCM fines Philip Morris Italia S.r.l. €7 million for unfair commercial practice

The Italian Competition Authority (AGCM) imposed a €7 million fine on Philip Morris Italia S.r.l. for misleading advertising claims such as 'smoke-free' and 'smoke-free products' regarding its combustion-free tobacco products. The AGCM found these claims misled consumers, including minors, into believing the products were harmless or less harmful than traditional tobacco products, which is not supported by current scientific evidence.

Philip Morris Italia S.r.l.

EUR 7,000,000

Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM)

administrative fine

2026-06-10 | IT | FINE | Italy | agcm.it

This enforcement action highlights AGCM's scrutiny of misleading health and environmental claims in product advertising, reinforcing the need for substantiated and non-deceptive marketing practices.

Luxury Yacht Companies Plead Guilty to Violating Lacey Act for Using Illegally Obtained Burmese Teak on Multimillion Dollar Yachts; Agree to Pay $200,000 Fine

Sunseeker International Limited and Sunseeker USA Sales Inc. pleaded guilty to two violations of the Lacey Act for using illegally obtained Burmese teak on yachts imported into the U.S. The companies agreed to pay a $200,000 fine and implement a compliance plan.

Sunseeker International Limited, Sunseeker USA Sales Inc.

USD 200,000

United States Department of Justice

fine

2026-05-13 | United States | FINE | United States | justice.gov

Enforcement action targeting illegal timber trafficking and environmental compliance in luxury goods manufacturing.

Klimaatzaak Bonaire: Rechtbank Den Haag oordeelt dat de Staat positieve verplichtingen uit EVRM schendt

De Rechtbank Den Haag oordeelde dat de Staat der Nederlanden zijn positieve verplichtingen uit artikel 8 en 14 EVRM en artikel 1 van het 12e Protocol bij het EVRM heeft geschonden ten aanzien van de inwoners van Bonaire. De rechtbank beveelt de Staat om effectieve maatregelen te nemen conform VN-afspraken, waaronder het opstellen en invoeren van een adaptatieplan.

Staat der Nederlanden

Financial Value

Rechtbank Den Haag

Penalty Type

2026-05-08 | NL | COURT_RULING | Netherlands | rechtspraak.nl

Deze uitspraak verplicht de Nederlandse Staat tot het nemen van aanvullende klimaatmaatregelen specifiek voor Bonaire, met directe gevolgen voor het nationale klimaatbeleid en de naleving van internationale verdragen.

Commission opens infringement procedures against 20 Member States for failing to transpose the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive

The European Commission has opened infringement procedures against 20 EU Member States for failing to transpose the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive by the 27 March 2026 deadline. The directive introduces new requirements to prevent greenwashing and improve product information.

European Commission

Financial Value

European Commission

Penalty Type

2026-03-27 | European Union | REGULATORY_ACTION | EU | ec.europa.eu

This enforcement action underscores the Commission's commitment to ensuring timely and uniform implementation of anti-greenwashing rules across the EU, with potential legal consequences for non-compliant Member States.

Herstelvonnis Klimaatzaak Bonaire: Rechtbank wijst verzoek tot verbetering vonnis af

De Rechtbank Den Haag wees het verzoek van Greenpeace tot verbetering van het vonnis van 28 januari 2026 af. Het verzoek betrof een vermeende schrijffout in het dictum en de termijn voor het inzichtelijk maken van de resterende emissieruimte voor Nederland. De rechtbank oordeelde dat geen sprake was van een kennelijke schrijffout die zich voor eenvoudig herstel leent.

Greenpeace

Financial Value

Rechtbank Den Haag

Penalty Type

2026-03-26 | NL | COURT_RULING | Netherlands | rechtspraak.nl

Dit herstelvonnis bevestigt de oorspronkelijke uitspraak en verduidelijkt de uitvoeringstermijnen voor de opgelegde klimaatmaatregelen aan de Staat.

Summary of key themes: Sustainability-related disclosure guidance

This document provides a summary of the key themes raised during the consultation on the FMA's sustainability-related disclosure guidance, including stakeholder feedback and the FMA's responses.

FMA

Financial Value

Financial Markets Authority

Penalty Type

2026-03-15 | New Zealand | GUIDANCE | New Zealand | fma.govt.nz

The summary offers insight into industry concerns and regulatory priorities, supporting compliance by clarifying the rationale behind the final guidance on sustainability-related disclosures.

Bafin untersucht Offenlegung beaufsichtigter Unternehmen

Die BaFin hat für das Geschäftsjahr 2024 die Offenlegungspflichten beaufsichtigter Unternehmen gemäß der europäischen Offenlegungsverordnung überprüft. Es wurden Defizite wie unvollständige oder schwer auffindbare Informationen und unzureichende Begründungen für die Nichtberücksichtigung wesentlicher nachteiliger Auswirkungen festgestellt. Die BaFin forderte betroffene Unternehmen zur Nachbesserung auf, ergriff jedoch keine förmlichen Maßnahmen.

BaFin

Financial Value

BaFin

Penalty Type

2026-03-06 | DE | Investigation | Germany | bafin.de

Die Untersuchung zeigt weiterhin bestehende Schwächen bei der Umsetzung der Offenlegungspflichten zu Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten und unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit klarer und vollständiger Informationen für Anleger.

Certain Iranian Assets (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America)

Iran instituted proceedings against the United States regarding the freezing of Iranian assets, alleging violations of the Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations, and Consular Rights. The case involves issues of state immunity and international obligations.

Iran

Financial Value

International Court of Justice

Penalty Type

2026-02-25 | ICJ | COURT_RULING | International | icj-cij.org

The case addresses state immunity, the enforcement of international treaties, and the treatment of foreign assets, with implications for international economic relations and compliance.

Décision n° 500384 - Conseil d'État

The Conseil d'État rejected the request by several associations to annul a decree classifying a major plastics recycling plant project as a project of major national interest and recognizing an overriding reason of major public interest. The court found the project contributes significantly to French and European recycling policy and meets the legal criteria for such classification.

Conseil d'État

Financial Value

Conseil d'État

Penalty Type

2026-02-06 | FR | COURT_RULING | France | conseil-etat.fr

This decision upholds the legal framework supporting large-scale recycling initiatives and affirms the regulatory basis for recognizing environmental projects as serving the public interest, relevant for ESG and green claims compliance.

Florida Man Pleads Guilty to Biofuel Fraud Conspiracy

Christopher Burdett, owner of a biofuel company, pleaded guilty to conspiracy for his role in a scheme generating over $7 million in fraudulent EPA renewable fuels credits and seeking over $6 million in fraudulent tax credits. The company overstated biodiesel production to claim credits and provided false information to auditors.

Company

Financial Value

United States Department of Justice, Environment and Natural Resources Division (ENRD), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Penalty Type

2026-02-05 | United States | REGULATORY_ACTION | United States | justice.gov

This case highlights DOJ enforcement against greenwashing and fraud in renewable fuel programs, protecting the integrity of EPA's Renewable Fuel Standard and deterring fraudulent environmental claims.

Maria Guadalupe Ellis v. Nike USA, Inc. et al. – Alleged Greenwashing under Missouri Merchandising Practices Act

Maria Guadalupe Ellis filed a putative class action against Nike USA, Inc. and Nike Retail Services, Inc., alleging that Nike falsely and misleadingly advertised its 'Sustainability Collection' products as sustainable and environmentally friendly, in violation of the Missouri Merchandising Practices Act (MMPA). The case addresses whether Nike's environmental marketing claims were deceptive and whether the complaint met federal pleading standards.

Nike USA, Inc.; Nike Retail Services, Inc.

Financial Value

United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit

Penalty Type

2025-11-07 | US:8th Circuit | COURT_RULING | United States | uscourts.gov

This case is significant for companies making environmental or sustainability claims, as it tests the application of state consumer protection laws to alleged greenwashing and the standards for pleading such claims in federal court.

Unilever to adjust sustainability claims following ACM action

Unilever will stop using unclear sustainability claims on its product packaging after discussions with the Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM). The company will adjust most packaging by January 2026, following complaints about misleading claims such as 'sustainably grown peanuts' and 'sustainable packaging'.

Unilever

Financial Value

Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM)

Penalty Type

2025-10-27 | NL | ENFORCEMENT_ACTION | Netherlands | acm.nl

This action demonstrates ACM's enforcement against greenwashing and sets a precedent for clear, substantiated environmental claims in product advertising.

Amazon MUSA Letter - July 8, 2025

The FTC issued a letter to Amazon regarding 'Made in the USA' labeling and origin claims, outlining compliance expectations and enforcement priorities.

Amazon

Financial Value

Federal Trade Commission

Penalty Type

2025-07-08 | United States | LITIGATION | United States | ftc.gov

Highlights FTC’s ongoing oversight of environmental and origin claims by major online retailers.

Assurance of Discontinuance: The People of the State of New York v. JBS USA Food Company

The New York Attorney General commenced an action against JBS USA Food Company for allegedly false and misleading 'Net Zero by 2040' statements, in violation of Executive Law § 63(12) and General Business Law §§ 349 and 350. After the court dismissed the complaint without prejudice, the OAG conducted further investigation and reached an Assurance of Discontinuance with JBS USA Food, requiring revisions to its environmental advertising and ongoing compliance measures.

JBS USA Food Company

Financial Value

New York Attorney General

Penalty Type

2025-07-02 | New York | COURT_RULING | New York | ag.ny.gov

This settlement addresses greenwashing and sets compliance expectations for environmental advertising claims, requiring substantiation and transparency for net zero and similar ESG statements.

Procedimento istruttorio su Novamont ed ENI per possibile abuso di posizione dominante nei mercati dei bio-compound

L’Autorità ha avviato un procedimento istruttorio nei confronti di Novamont e ENI per accertare un possibile abuso di posizione dominante nei mercati nazionali di bio-compound per shopper e sacchetti ultra-leggeri. L’indagine riguarda accordi di esclusiva che potrebbero limitare l’utilizzo di materie alternative e avere effetti anticoncorrenziali. Sono state svolte ispezioni, richieste di informazioni e audizioni, e sono stati rigettati impegni presentati dalle società.

Novamont

Financial Value

Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato

Penalty Type

2025-06-23 | IT | INVESTIGATION | Italy | agcm.it

Caso rilevante per la concorrenza e la trasparenza nel settore delle bioplastiche, con implicazioni per le pratiche ambientali e green claims.

Sustainability-related disclosure guidance

This official guidance note details how the fair dealing provisions and disclosure obligations in the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 apply to sustainability-related claims for financial products. It provides practical examples and outlines the FMA's regulatory approach to greenwashing and misleading claims.

FMA

Financial Value

Financial Markets Authority

Penalty Type

2025-05-02 | New Zealand | GUIDANCE | New Zealand | fma.govt.nz

The document is a primary compliance resource for issuers, explaining how to avoid misleading or deceptive conduct in sustainability-related disclosures and how the FMA may respond to breaches.

ASIC v LGSS Pty Ltd (No 3) - Judgment

Federal Court imposed a $10.5 million civil penalty on LGSS Pty Ltd (Active Super) for making false and misleading environmental claims (greenwashing) in contravention of the ASIC Act. The Court also ordered an adverse publicity notice to be published to fund members.

LGSS Pty Ltd (Active Super)

AUD 10,500,000

Australian Securities and Investments Commission

civil penalty

2025-03-18 | Australia | COURT_RULING | Australia | asic.gov.au

Landmark greenwashing enforcement action clarifying penalty calculation for superannuation trustees and the use of adverse publicity orders for misleading ESG claims.

Competition Bureau Canada updates guidance on environmental claims under Competition Act

The Competition Bureau Canada is revising its guidance related to the enforcement of the Competition Act, including provisions on environmental claims and deceptive marketing practices. These updates follow recent amendments to the Act aimed at strengthening the Bureau's enforcement powers. The Bureau is consulting Canadians to ensure clarity and transparency for businesses regarding compliance with the law.

Competition Bureau Canada

Financial Value

Competition Bureau Canada

Penalty Type

2024-12-16 | CA | GUIDANCE | Canada | competition-bureau.canada.ca

Businesses making environmental or sustainability marketing claims should review the updated guidance to ensure compliance and avoid enforcement actions. The Bureau's strengthened powers and revised guidance signal increased scrutiny of greenwashing and misleading environmental claims.

Half Yearly Complaints Report 2024-25: Greenwashing Claims in Ads

ASCI reviewed 100 advertisements for potential violations of its Guidelines for Environmental/Green Claims in the first half of 2024-25. 99% of these ads were identified through proactive monitoring, with all requiring modifications due to lack of transparency. 28% of cases were reported to the government for non-compliance with ASCI Code and CCPA guidelines.

ASCI

Financial Value

Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI)

Penalty Type

2024-11-01 | India | GUIDANCE | India | ascionline.in

Demonstrates active enforcement and monitoring of greenwashing claims in advertising, highlighting the importance of compliance with ASCI and CCPA guidelines.

Order Instituting Administrative and Cease-and-Desist Proceedings, Making Findings, and Imposing Remedial Sanctions and a Cease-and-Desist Order: WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc.

The SEC found that WisdomTree made misstatements to the board and investors of its ESG Funds, claiming they would not invest in companies involved in fossil fuels and tobacco, while the funds did invest in such companies. WisdomTree updated disclosures in 2022 and liquidated the ESG Funds in 2024.

WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc.

USD 4,000,000

Securities and Exchange Commission

civil penalty

2024-10-21 | United States | ENFORCEMENT_ACTION | United States | sec.gov

This enforcement action underscores the SEC's scrutiny of ESG-related disclosures and the importance of aligning fund marketing and investment practices with stated ESG criteria.

R (Friends of the Earth Ltd and others) v Heathrow Airport Ltd

The Supreme Court considered whether the Government's decision to designate the Airports National Policy Statement, which supported the expansion of Heathrow Airport, was unlawful on environmental grounds, including compliance with the UK's climate change commitments.

Heathrow Airport Ltd

Financial Value

Supreme Court of the United Kingdom

Penalty Type

2024-07-16 | United Kingdom | COURT_RULING | United Kingdom | supremecourt.uk

This ruling clarifies the legal requirements for government policy decisions on major infrastructure projects in relation to environmental and climate change obligations, setting a precedent for future environmental challenges.

European Commission adopts Directive on repair of goods to promote sustainable consumption

The European Commission adopted Directive (EU) 2024/1799 on 13 June 2024, establishing common rules to promote the repair of goods across the EU. The Directive requires manufacturers of certain products to repair goods within a reasonable time and price, prohibits repair-impeding clauses or techniques, and mandates transparency on repair services and prices. It also introduces an extension of the legal guarantee by one year after repair and establishes a European online repair platform to facilitate consumer access to repairers.

European Commission

Financial Value

European Commission

Penalty Type

2024-06-13 | EU | REGULATORY_ACTION | European Union | commission.europa.eu

This Directive strengthens regulatory requirements on repairability and transparency, supporting sustainable consumption and reducing waste. Manufacturers must comply with repair obligations and information duties, while Member States must promote repair through measures such as campaigns or vouchers, enhancing consumer rights and environmental sustainability.

Japan Financial Services Agency publishes Code of Conduct endorsed by 30 ESG data providers

The Financial Services Agency (FSA) of Japan published the Code of Conduct for ESG Evaluation and Data Providers on December 15, 2022. As of June 30, 2026, 30 ESG evaluation and data providers have endorsed this voluntary code, which promotes transparency and accountability in ESG evaluations. The Code operates on a comply-or-explain basis, encouraging providers to disclose their adherence or reasons for non-compliance with its principles.

Financial Services Agency

Financial Value

Financial Services Agency

Penalty Type

2022-12-15 | JP | GUIDANCE | Asia | www.fsa.go.jp

This Code of Conduct establishes a framework for ESG data providers to improve the reliability and clarity of ESG-related information, helping to prevent misleading ESG marketing claims. Endorsement and public disclosure requirements support regulatory oversight and market confidence in ESG evaluations in Japan.

Competition Bureau Canada Guidance on Deceptive Environmental Marketing Claims

The Competition Bureau Canada provides information on deceptive marketing practices under the Competition Act, including false or misleading environmental claims. The Bureau offers guidance to help businesses comply with laws against greenwashing and deceptive environmental advertising. It also details penalties and enforcement actions related to misleading environmental claims.

Competition Bureau Canada

Financial Value

Competition Bureau Canada

Penalty Type

CA | GUIDANCE | Canada | competition-bureau.canada.ca

This guidance is significant for companies marketing environmental or sustainability claims in Canada, as it clarifies legal expectations and potential penalties for false or misleading claims. Compliance helps avoid enforcement actions and supports truthful environmental marketing.

German Court Bans Netto Yogurt Ad Claiming Feed From 'Environmentally Friendly Cultivation'

In a case brought by Deutsche Umwelthilfe (Az. 41 HK O 983/25), the Regional Court of Amberg found Netto's yogurt slogan about cow feed from environmentally friendly cultivation misleading, because it implied higher ecological standards than the feed actually met.

Netto Marken-Discount Stiftung & Co. KG

Financial Value

Landgericht Amberg

Penalty Type

Germany | COURT_RULING | Germany | duh.de

German courts continue to ban vague environmental benefit claims on food packaging where the claimed advantage is mostly a legal minimum.

McDonald's Accepts Judgment Banning Unexplained 'Climate Neutral by 2050' Claim in Germany

McDonald's acknowledged a Deutsche Umwelthilfe lawsuit over a website claim that it would be climate neutral by 2050, including its supply chain, without explaining how. The Munich Regional Court I issued an acknowledgment judgment (Az. 37 O 3945/26), so the claim may not be repeated without adequate substantiation.

McDonald's

Financial Value

Landgericht München I

Penalty Type

Germany | COURT_RULING | Germany | duh.de

Future net-zero or climate-neutral targets need a concrete, explained plan in German advertising; bare long-term pledges are being stopped in court.

Cologne Court Stops Bayer's 'Net Zero by 2050' Advertising Without a Plan

The Regional Court of Cologne issued a default judgment (Az. 84 O 21/26) in a Deutsche Umwelthilfe case against Bayer's advertising of net-zero emissions by 2050, which explained measures only up to 2030. Deutsche Umwelthilfe later reported the judgment as legally effective.

Bayer AG

Financial Value

Landgericht Köln

Penalty Type

Germany | COURT_RULING | Germany | duh.de

Another German ruling that long-term net-zero claims must be backed by a transparent pathway, not just near-term targets.

Paris Court Finds Volvic's 'Carbon Neutral' and '100% Recyclable' Bottle Claims Misleading

The Paris Judicial Court found that 'carbon neutral' and '100% recyclable' claims on Volvic water bottles were misleading commercial practices, in a case backed by consumer association CLCV. Volvic has said it will appeal.

Société des eaux de Volvic

Financial Value

Tribunal judiciaire de Paris

Penalty Type

France | COURT_RULING | France | actu-environnement.com

Follows the 2025 TotalEnergies ruling as another French court decision against carbon-neutrality and recyclability claims on consumer products.

US Court Lets Consumer's 'Carbon-Neutral Airline' Claim Against Delta Proceed

In Berrin v. Delta Air Lines (No. 2:23-cv-04150), the court allowed a damages claim under California consumer law over Delta's past carbon-neutral airline marketing to proceed, finding a genuine dispute over reliance and injury, but denied standing for injunctive relief.

Delta Air Lines Inc.

Financial Value

U.S. District Court, Central District of California

Penalty Type

California | LITIGATION | California | climate.law.columbia.edu

Carbon-neutral claims backed by offsets remain a live class-action risk for airlines in the US, even after the company has changed its messaging.

ASA Ruling on Thomas Cook: Unexplained 'Eco Resort' Claim in Search Ad Breaches Code

The ASA ruled that a Thomas Cook paid search ad describing a hotel as an 'Eco Resort' breached the CAP Code because it did not explain what the claim was based on. Although the resort had environmental features, the ad neither described them nor clearly pointed consumers to that information.

Thomas Cook Tourism (UK) Company Ltd

Financial Value

Advertising Standards Authority

Penalty Type

United Kingdom | COURT_RULING | UK | asa.org.uk

Shows that 'eco' has no fixed meaning: even when it appears in a property's name or in automated ads, the basis of the claim must be made clear to consumers.

ASA Ruling on loveholidays: 'Eco Resort' and 'Eco Hotel' Search Ads Lacked a Clear Basis

The ASA upheld its own investigation into two loveholidays paid search ads describing accommodation as an 'Eco Resort' and an 'Eco Hotel'. The properties' environmental steps were described on their own websites, but the ads did not explain them or signpost them, so the claims' basis was unclear.

We Love Holidays Ltd

Financial Value

Advertising Standards Authority

Penalty Type

United Kingdom | COURT_RULING | UK | asa.org.uk

Travel intermediaries are responsible for green claims they repeat about third-party properties and must make the basis of those claims clear in the ad itself or clearly signposted.

ASA Ruling on DialAFlight: 'Eco-Conscious Resort' Social Media Ad Breaches Code

The ASA ruled that a paid Meta ad by travel agent DialAFlight describing a Dubai hotel as an 'eco-conscious resort' was misleading because it did not explain the resort's environmental initiatives, despite having space to do so, and the landing page did not fill the gap.

Lotus Leisure Ltd (t/a DialAFlight)

Financial Value

Advertising Standards Authority

Penalty Type

United Kingdom | COURT_RULING | UK | asa.org.uk

One of three same-day ASA rulings against travel firms, signalling a sector-wide focus on unexplained 'eco' accommodation claims.

Fiducian Ordered to Pay $7.3 Million Penalty Over Misleading ESG Fund Claims

Following ASIC proceedings, the Supreme Court of New South Wales ordered Fiducian Investment Management Services to pay a $7.3 million penalty over its Diversified Social Aspirations Fund. Fiducian admitted making misleading statements about the fund's ethical objectives and investment monitoring, while the fund held companies earning revenue from fossil fuels.

Fiducian Investment Management Services Limited

AUD 7,300,000

Australian Securities and Investments Commission

civil penalty

Australia | FINE | Australia | asic.gov.au

Another ASIC greenwashing win: fund managers must have the monitoring and governance to back up ethical or ESG screening claims, and must correct statements once concerns are raised.

ACCC Sues Grill'd Over Alleged Greenwashing in 'Tree Day Tuesday' Donation Promotion

The ACCC started Federal Court proceedings alleging burger chain Grill'd overstated tree-planting donations in its 'Tree Day Tuesday' promotion from 2021 to 2024. The ACCC alleges only a small share of Tuesday burger purchases actually qualified for the advertised $1 donation and that the conditions were not adequately disclosed.

Grill'd

Financial Value

Australian Competition and Consumer Commission

Penalty Type

Australia | LITIGATION | Australia | accc.gov.au

Shows the ACCC treating cause-related environmental promotions, not just product claims, as greenwashing, and scrutinising undisclosed qualifying conditions.

Tractor Supply Pays $5.1 Million in California Judgment Including 'Biodegradable' Labelling Violations

A California Superior Court in Sonoma County entered a final judgment, brought by five county district attorneys, requiring Tractor Supply to pay about $5.1 million in civil penalties, restitution and costs. The case covered products labelled 'biodegradable' in breach of California's environmental marketing law, alongside pricing and pesticide-licensing violations.

Tractor Supply Company

USD 5,126,283

Sonoma County District Attorney

civil penalty

California | SETTLEMENT | California | da.sonomacounty.gov

California prosecutors continue to enforce the state's strict ban on 'biodegradable' labelling for plastic and similar products as unfair competition.

NY Appellate Court Upholds Dismissal of New York City Greenwashing Suit Against ExxonMobil, Shell and BP

The Appellate Division unanimously affirmed the dismissal of New York City's consumer-protection suit over ads for cleaner-burning fuels and claims about renewable energy investment. The court found the fuel ads claimed improvements over regular gasoline rather than zero emissions, and that investment statements were not sufficiently tied to consumer sales.

ExxonMobil; Shell; BP

Financial Value

New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First Department

Penalty Type

New York | COURT_RULING | New York | nycourts.gov

A setback for municipal greenwashing suits: comparative 'cleaner' product claims and corporate climate messaging may fall outside narrow local consumer-protection laws.

EU Consumer Authorities Agree Common Understanding on 'Old Stock' Under Green Transition Directive

The Commission published a common understanding agreed in the CPC network on how national authorities will treat products and packaging carrying environmental claims or sustainability labels that were made or stocked before the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive applies on 27 September 2026.

Company

Financial Value

European Commission

Penalty Type

European Union | GUIDANCE | EU | commission.europa.eu

Gives businesses a coordinated, compliance-focused approach to existing stock, but expects traders to take reasonable corrective steps rather than rely on old labels indefinitely.

ACM Sets Out Stricter Dutch Rules on Sustainability Claims From 27 September 2026

The Dutch consumer authority explained the tighter rules on sustainability claims that apply from 27 September 2026 under the EU Green Transition Directive, including limits on generic green claims and a ban on self-created sustainability labels without independent verification. The ACM urged businesses to review their claims now.

Company

Financial Value

Autoriteit Consument & Markt (ACM)

Penalty Type

Netherlands | GUIDANCE | Netherlands | acm.nl

Signals that the ACM, one of Europe's most active greenwashing enforcers, will supervise the new EU rules and expects businesses to have already adapted.

ESMA Publishes Thematic Notes on Impact and Climate Transition Claims

ESMA published two non-binding thematic notes on sustainability-related claims about funds, bonds and benchmarks: one on positive impact claims and one on climate transition claims. They set out good and poor practices, including explaining how impact or transition will be achieved and measured.

Company

Financial Value

European Securities and Markets Authority

Penalty Type

European Union | GUIDANCE | EU | esma.europa.eu

Extends ESMA's anti-greenwashing guidance series to impact and transition language, which supervisors are likely to use as a benchmark when reviewing marketing.

ASA Ruling on Qatar Airways: 'Bulk Offset' and 'Travel Consciously' Carbon Offset Ads Banned

The ASA upheld complaints about two paid LinkedIn posts by Qatar Airways that invited businesses and travellers to offset their flights' carbon emissions. The ASA found the unqualified wording implied a specific flight's emissions could be fully offset, which Qatar Airways' offsetting scheme did not demonstrate. The ads must not reappear in that form.

Qatar Airways Group QCSC

Financial Value

Advertising Standards Authority

Penalty Type

United Kingdom | COURT_RULING | UK | asa.org.uk

Confirms that offsetting claims aimed at business audiences on LinkedIn are still judged as consumer-facing, and that implying a flight's emissions can be fully cancelled out needs robust substantiation.

ASA Ruling on Eurowings: 'Climate-Conscious' Travel and 100% CO2 Compensation Claims Banned

The ASA upheld a complaint about a Eurowings Google search ad suggesting passengers could fly more eco-friendly and climate-consciously by paying to offset up to 100% of a flight's emissions. The ASA found the optional payment scheme did not show that a flight's emissions would actually be fully offset.

Eurowings GmbH

Financial Value

Advertising Standards Authority

Penalty Type

United Kingdom | COURT_RULING | UK | asa.org.uk

Part of a continued ASA crackdown on airline offset messaging: claims that customers can neutralise a flight's footprint, or that flying is greener, are high risk without robust evidence.

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